Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Numerical methods and mathematical models of Elmer
srinathshiv
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Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by srinathshiv »

Geometry:
Two parallel wires inside a cube.
Each wire is defined as a physical surface (1 and 2)
There is one physical volume ( Cube, two wires).

I'm trying to find the inductance of two parallel wires.

I created a sif file based on elmer's examples on "MGDynamics" solver.
Can someone explain how I should define boundaries for my project and how I should use the Magneto-Dynamics 3D solver to calculate inductance. Links would be very much appreciated.

I'm attaching my sif and geometry file
Attachments
pwire.sif
(3.31 KiB) Downloaded 352 times
raback
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by raback »

Hi

For this particular case how about computing the inductance from the fact that the total energy is, E=LI^2/2. At least the CalcFields does automatically compute the energy.

-Peter
srinathshiv
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by srinathshiv »

Hi Peter,

Thanks for your help. When I run the provided MGDynamicsSteady.sif inside /home/arguest/Desktop/elmerfem/fem/tests/mgdyn_steady/, I could see the Magnetic field energy. I viewed the mesh inside mgdyn_steady : it was a simple cube with six physical surfaces and one volume.

I made my own cube with 6 physical surfaces and one physical volume in gmsh. I converted the .msh to mesh.* using Elmergrid. I modified boundaries for my cube in MGDYnamicsSteady.sif ran it on my mesh.I'm not getting the magnetic field energy (It's displayed as 0.0000).

I'm attaching all the required files. It would be really helpful if someone could point out my trivial error.
pwire.geo
(1.22 KiB) Downloaded 316 times
pwire.msh
(209.42 KiB) Downloaded 324 times
energy.sif
(3.16 KiB) Downloaded 341 times
mb5
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by mb5 »

Hi,

you forgot to define the body number in the body section. Try this:

Code: Select all

Body 1
  Equation = 1
  Target Bodies(1) = 7
  Material = 1
  Body Force = 1
  Initial Condition = 1
End
Regards
Martin
srinathshiv
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by srinathshiv »

Hi,

I was able to calculate magnetic field energy and flux average
SaveScalars: 1: res: eddy current power 0.000000000000E+000
SaveScalars: 2: res: magnetic field energy 3.981562920553E-031
SaveScalars: 3: res: magnetic flux average 4.566833176772E-021
SaveScalars: 4: res: magnetic flux density average 3.044555451182E-009
SaveScalars: 5: res: magnetic flux area 1.500000000000E-012

Energy/Flux should be sensitive to changes in current density so that Inductance(L) remains constant.
However I'm getting the same energy values for different current density resulting in different inductance values. Is this the normal behavior or my procedure to calculate magnetic energy/flux wrong? Can someone help me with this?
(I'm calculating inductance as L= flux/ Current. Current = Current Density * Area.
Area = 0.25um*um, Current Density= 4 nA/um*um => Current = 2nA)

Code: Select all

Boundary Condition 1
  Target Boundaries(3) = 2 3 4 

  P {e}   = Real 0
  P {e} 1 = Variable coordinate
    Real MATC "x=tx(0);y=tx(1); 3*y^2/2"
  P {e} 2 = Variable coordinate
    Real MATC "x=tx(0);y=tx(1); x^2/2"
  P {e} 3 = Real 0

  Electric Current Density = Real 4e-9
  Magnetic Flux Average = Logical True
End
energy.sif
(3.98 KiB) Downloaded 312 times
Thanks.
mb5
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by mb5 »

Hmm, your sif file looks very complex for this simulation. There are different exitations
- body force with electric potential
- current density on the boundary
- predefined vector potential on boundary

It seems your simulation is over-determined. I would like to propose following:
Remove predefined vector potential on the boundary (set it to 0 on every surface), remove electric potential, and set only current density in the body force section.

Regards
Martin
srinathshiv
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by srinathshiv »

Hi Guys,

[1] I found this line under fem/tests/mgdyn_steady_wire2/ ( boundary stimulation) => AV = Real 5.542e-5 which is tuned for 1 Ampere.

Code: Select all

Boundary Condition 3
  Name = "WireEnd"
  Target Boundaries(1) = 3 

  Coil End = Logical True

  AV {e} 1 = Real 0.0 
  AV {e} 2 = Real 0.0 

! Tuned to obtain current of 1 A 
  AV = Real 5.542e-5
End

How do I calculate AV value to specify input current. Ex: 1nA => AV = ?, 1uA => AV = ?


-----------------

[2] Also under fem/tests/mgdyn_steady_wire/ which is for body force stimulation, I found this

Code: Select all

Body Force 1
  Electric Potential = Equals "CoilPot"
End
Is coilPot a parameter ? If so how can I input it [or] is it a value specified in some file.
How does "Electric Potential" value equates to current flowing in this case.

Thanks.
raback
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by raback »

Hi

Well, you can 1st try with 1V and then see the current you get and scale accordingly. There may even be some automated scaling but this was probably done manually.

The "CoilPot" is a potential computed by another solver.

The difference of these two is that in the 1st the {A,V} is solved as a strongly coupled system. For higher frequencies this will make the current concentrate on the surface. When the potential is precomputed we enforce a hierarchical solution which eliminates the effect of magnetic field to current.

-Peter
srinathshiv
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by srinathshiv »

Hi,

I'm getting consistent inductance values for different current densities. However, this happens only if the current densities are powers of 2(J = 1, 2, 4, 8, etc.,). I'm not getting consistent inductance values when J= 1.1, 3, 6 etc., ( E= 0.5*L*(I*I) => L= (2*E)/(I*I) )

I'm attaching my sif file and results file
tempbodyForce.sif
(3.39 KiB) Downloaded 303 times
tempbodyForce.sif
(3.39 KiB) Downloaded 303 times
results.txt
(663 Bytes) Downloaded 300 times

Code: Select all

[b]My body force section:[/b]
Body Force 1
  Current Density 1 = 0 
  Current Density 2 = 0 
  Current Density 3 = 1.2e-3

!  Electric Potential = Real 0.01
End
Also I want to try with Electric Potential. So If I set the Potential in the body force section, is it possible to view the current flowing through my geometry. If so, how?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Same issue for setting AV variable for boundary stimulation. If set a certain AV value, is it possible to view the current through the geometry. If so, how?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
By current through the geometry, I mean the total current flowing from metal start to metal end. Not individual element current values which "Saveline" solver dumps to f.dat.


Thanks.
srinathshiv
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Re: Inductance extraction for parallel wires

Post by srinathshiv »

Hi Guys,
Can anyone reply to the above post :geek:
viewtopic.php?f=3&t=5875&p=19415#p19415

Thanks.
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